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Resources and Tools for Elementary Math Specialists and Teachers

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This unit contains two lessons which help students develop number sense through activities involving collection, representation, and analysis of data. Students also practice reading and writing large numbers and develop estimation skills. In Lesson 1, Every Breath You Take, students estimate the number of breaths taken during a specified time, experiment, and display real-life data. In Lesson 2, Making Your First Millions, students develop the concept of a million by working with smaller numerical units, such as blocks of 10 or 100, and then expanding the idea by multiplication or repeated addition. They analyze situations and identify patterns that will enable them to develop the concept of large numbers. Each lesson includes student activity sheets, an instructional plan, and extensions.

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Contributed by: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics - Publisher, William R. Speer and Daniel J. Brahier - Author

Math TopicMeasurement, Number Sense, Basic Operations, Mathematical Practices, Mathematical Processes, Data and Statistics

Grade Level3, 4, 5, 6+

Resource TypeActivity, Experiment/Lab Activity, Lesson Plans, Unit of Instruction

Additional Information
- AudienceEducator
- LanguageEnglish (USA)
- Education Topic
- Interdisciplinary ConnectionScience, Science:Life science:Anatomy & Physiology
- Professional DevelopmentNo
- ContributorNational Council of Teachers of Mathematics - Publisher, William R. Speer and Daniel J. Brahier - Author
- Publication Date2000
- RightsCopyright (c) 2000 - 2011 National Council of Teachers of Mathematics
  http://illuminations.nctm.org/termsofuse.aspx
- AccessFree access
Standards
- Common Core State Standards for Mathematics
  Select a standards document:
- Standards for Mathematical Practice[K-12]
- Reason abstractly and quantitatively.[K-12]
- Model with mathematics.[K-12]
- Use appropriate tools strategically.[K-12]
- Operations and Algebraic Thinking[K - 5]
- Represent and solve problems involving multiplication and division.[3]
- 3. Use multiplication and division within 100 to solve word problems in situations involving equal groups, arrays, and measurement quantities, e.g., by using drawings and equations with a symbol for the unknown number to represent the problem.[3]
- Solve problems involving the four operations, and identify and explain patterns in arithmetic.[3]
- 8. Solve two-step word problems using the four operations. Represent these problems using equations with a letter standing for the unknown quantity. Assess the reasonableness of answers using mental computation and estimation strategies including rounding.[3]
- Use the four operations with whole numbers to solve problems.[4]
- 3. Solve multistep word problems posed with whole numbers and having whole-number answers using the four operations, including problems in which remainders must be interpreted. Represent these problems using equations with a letter standing for the unknown quantity. Assess the reasonableness of answers using mental computation and estimation strategies including rounding.[4]
- Number and Operations in Base Ten[K - 5]
- Generalize place value understanding for multi-digit whole numbers.[4]
- 1. Recognize that in a multi-digit whole number, a digit in one place represents ten times what it represents in the place to its right. For example, recognize that 700 ÷ 70 = 10 by applying concepts of place value and division.[4]
- 2. Read and write multi-digit whole numbers using base-ten numerals, number names, and expanded form. Compare two multi-digit numbers based on meanings of the digits in each place, using >, =, and < symbols to record the results of comparisons.[4]
- Understand the place value system.[5]
- 1. Recognize that in a multi-digit number, a digit in one place represents 10 times as much as it represents in the place to its right and 1/10 of what it represents in the place to its left.[5]
- 2. Explain patterns in the number of zeros of the product when multiplying a number by powers of 10, and explain patterns in the placement of the decimal point when a decimal is multiplied or divided by a power of 10. Use whole-number exponents to denote powers of 10.[5]
- Perform operations with multi-digit whole numbers and with decimals to hundredths.[5]
- 5. Fluently multiply multi-digit whole numbers using the standard algorithm.[5]
- Measurement and Data[K - 5]
- Represent and interpret data.[1 - 5]
- 3. Draw a scaled picture graph and a scaled bar graph to represent a data set with several categories. Solve one- and two-step "how many more" and "how many less" problems using information presented in scaled bar graphs. For example, draw a bar graph in which each square in the bar graph might represent 5 pets.[3]
- Solve problems involving measurement and conversion of measurements from a larger unit to a smaller unit.[4]
- 1. Know relative sizes of measurement units within one system of units including km, m, cm; kg, g; lb, oz.; l, ml; hr, min, sec. Within a single system of measurement, express measurements in a larger unit in terms of a smaller unit. Record measurement equivalents in a twocolumn table. For example, know that 1 ft is 12 times as long as 1 in. Express the length of a 4 ft snake as 48 in. Generate a conversion table for feet and inches listing the number pairs (1, 12), (2, 24), (3, 36), ...[4]
- 2. Use the four operations to solve word problems involving distances, intervals of time, liquid volumes, masses of objects, and money, including problems involving simple fractions or decimals, and problems that require expressing measurements given in a larger unit in terms of a smaller unit. Represent measurement quantities using diagrams such as number line diagrams that feature a measurement scale.[4]
Related Resources
- How Fast Does Your Heart Beat?
User Comments
- Average
  4
  
  Great for engagement
  By bethb on 04/19/2012 - 14:08
- These lessons will really get students engaged! I like how the second lesson used repeated addition with larger values to show how to make a million, students are always engaged and intrigued by money!

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Count on Math

Common Core State Standards for Mathematics